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Bahrain
Bahrain
Population
1.6M
Rank #153Source: World Bank
Capital
Manama
Source: REST Countries
Region
Africa
Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan
Source: REST Countries
GDP (Nominal)
$47.11B
Rank #97Source: World Bank
Land Area
765 km²
Rank #181Source: REST Countries
Life Expectancy
81.284 yrs
Source: World Bank
Historical Trends
Population Trend (5-Year)
Source: World Bank
GDP Trend (5-Year, Nominal USD)
Source: World Bank
Geography
Area: 765 km²
Landlocked: No
Independent: Yes
Climate: arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers
Terrain: mostly low desert plain rising gently to low central escarpment
Elevation: lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m highest point: Jabal ad Dukhan 135 m
Natural Hazards: periodic droughts; dust storms
Environmental Issues: desertification resulting from the degradation of limited arable land, periods of drought, and dust storms; coastal degradation (damage to coastlines, coral reefs, and sea vegetation) resulting from...
Land Use: agricultural land: 11.3% (2016 est.) forest: 0.7% (2016 est.) other: 88% (2016 est.)
Geography Note: close to primary Middle Eastern petroleum sources; strategic location in Persian Gulf, through which much of the Western world's petroleum must transit to reach open ocean
Natural Resources
oilassociated and nonassociated natural gasfishpearls
People & Society
Fertility Rate
1.82
Population
1.6M
Ethnic Groups
Bahraini (46%)Asian (45.5%)other Arab (4.7%)African (1.6%)European (1%)other (1.2%)
Religions
Muslim (73.7%)Christian (9.3%)Jewish (0.1%)other (16.9%)
Economy
GDP per Capita
$29,653.568
GDP per Capita PPP
66,941.243
(2024)
(2024)
GNI per Capita
28,090
(2024)
(2024)
Gini Index
Not Available
Unemployment
1.084%
(2024)
(2024)
Inflation
0.92%
(2024)
(2024)
Public Debt
111.598%
(2020)
(2020)
Energy
Electricity Access
100%
(2023)
(2023)
Renewable Energy
Not Available
CO₂ Emissions
37.969 Mt
(2024)
(2024)
Energy Intensity
9.23 MJ/$
(2021)
(2021)
Renewable Electricity
0.038%
(2021)
(2021)
Environment
Forest Coverage
0.95% of land
(2023)
(2023)
Communications
Internet Users
100%
(2024)
(2024)
Mobile Penetration
153.9%
(2023)
(2023)
Broadband Subscribers
17.158%
(2023)
(2023)
Transportation
Air Transport Freight
895.44 M ton-km
(2023)
(2023)
Container Port Traffic
404,904 TEU
(2021)
(2021)
Airports
60,083
Rail Lines
N/A
Roads Total
5,352 km(©IRF)
Military
Military Forces
Bahrain Defense Force (BDF): Royal Bahraini Army (includes the Royal Guard), Royal Bahraini Navy, Royal Bahraini Air Force, Royal Bahraini Air Defense Force; Ministry of Interior security forces:...
Personnel Strength
size assessments for the Bahrain Defense Force vary; approximately 10,000 active personnel (7,500 Army; 1,000 Navy; 1,500 Air Force); est. 2,500 National Guard
Military Expenditure (USD)
$1.38B
Military Expenditure (% of GDP)
2.90%
Military Expenditure History
3.7% of GDP (2019) 4.1% of GDP (2018) 4.3% of GDP (2017) 4.7% of GDP (2016) 4.6% of GDP (2015)
Equipment & Inventories
the inventory of the Bahrain Defense force is comprised mostly of equipment acquired from the US along with a smaller quantity of material from European suppliers; since 2010, Turkey and the US are...
Service Age & Obligation
18 years of age for voluntary military service; 15 years of age for NCOs, technicians, and cadets; no conscription
Education
Pre-Primary Enrollment
52.603%
(2020)
(2020)
Primary Enrollment
96.875%
(2024)
(2024)
Secondary Enrollment
98.814%
(2024)
(2024)
Tertiary Enrollment
58.368%
(2024)
(2024)
Education Spending
1.888% of GDP
(2023)
(2023)
Adult Literacy Rate
97.82%
(2024)
(2024)
Pupil-Teacher Ratio
11.923:1
(2018)
(2018)
Health
Physicians per 1,000
0.741
(2020)
(2020)
Safe Water Access
99.92%
(2024)
(2024)
Safe Drinking Water
98.904%
(2024)
(2024)
Under-5 Mortality
8.6 per 1,000
(2023)
(2023)
Maternal Mortality (World Bank)
18.203 per 100,000
(2021)
(2021)
Hospital Beds per 1,000
74.384
(2021)
(2021)
UHC Coverage Index
78
(2023)
(2023)
Measles Immunization
96%
(2024)
(2024)
Social Indicators
Extreme Poverty Rate
Not Available
Food Insecurity
Not Available
Youth NEET Rate
5.3%
(2012)
(2012)
Governance
Women in Government
20%
(2024)
(2024)
Voice & Accountability
-1.38
(Weak)
(2023)
(Weak)
(2023)
Political Stability
-0.37
(Below Average)
(2023)
(Below Average)
(2023)
Government Effectiveness
0.70
(Above Average)
(2023)
(Above Average)
(2023)
Regulatory Quality
1.08
(Strong)
(2023)
(Strong)
(2023)
Rule of Law
0.47
(Above Average)
(2023)
(Above Average)
(2023)
Control of Corruption
0.18
(Above Average)
(2023)
(Above Average)
(2023)
Government
Government Type
constitutional monarchy
Legal System
mixed legal system of Islamic (sharia) law, English common law, Egyptian civil, criminal, and commercial codes; customary law
Executive Branch
chief of state: King HAMAD bin Isa Al-Khalifa (since 6 March 1999) head of government: Prime minister SALMAN bin Hamad Al-Khalifa (since 11 November 2020); first deputy prime minister (vacant);...
Legislative Branch
description: bicameral National Assembly consists of:Consultative Council or Majlis al-Shura (40 seats; members appointed by the king)Council of Representatives or Majlis al-Nuwab (40 seats; members...
Judicial Branch
highest courts: Court of Cassation (consists of the chairman and 3 judges); Supreme Court of Appeal (consists of the chairman and 3 judges); Constitutional Court (consists of the president and 6...
National Symbols
Flag Description
red, the traditional color for flags of Persian Gulf states, with a white serrated band (five white points) on the hoist side; the five points represent the five pillars of Islamnote: until 2002, the...
National Symbols
a red field surmounted by a white serrated band with five white points; national colors: red, white
National Anthem
name: "Bahrainona" (Our Bahrain) lyrics/music: unknown note: adopted 1971; although Mohamed Sudqi AYYASH wrote the original lyrics, they were changed in 2002 following the transformation of Bahrain...
Safety
Homicide Rate
0.196 per 100,000
(2022)
(2022)
Travel Information
Language(s): Arabic
Currency: BHD (.د.ب)
Timezone(s): UTC+03:00
Landlocked: No
Independent: Yes
Driving Side: Right
Calling Code: +973
Car Sign: BRN
Week Starts: Monday
Photos
Downtown Manama is a shopper's paradise.
Downtown Manama is a shopper's paradise. • CIA World Factbook • 2020
The Durrat Al Bahrain complex is featured in this image photographed from the International Space Station. Set at the southern end of Bahrain Island, at the furthest point from the cities of the kingdom, is this complex of 15 artificial islands designed for residential living and tourism with luxury hotels and shopping malls. Aimed at a cosmopolitan clientele, the Durrat Al Bahrain includes 21 sq km (8 sq mi) of new land for more than 1,000 residences that has been designed as The Islands (six crescent-shaped "atolls" leading off five fish-shaped "petals"). The Crescent at the bottom of the ring is the heart of the complex and features shops, restaurants, hotels, apartments, offices, and schools. The Central Island is dedicated to one, ultra-luxurious hotel. The three, thick, crescent-shaped islands at the lower left make up the Durrat Marina; the area between the Marina and the Crescent is a golf course. Image courtesy of NASA.
The Durrat Al Bahrain complex is featured in this image photographed from the International Space Station. Set at the southern end of Bahrain Island, at the furthest point from the cities of the kingdom, is this complex of 15 artificial islands designed for residential living and tourism with luxury hotels and shopping malls. Aimed at a cosmopolitan clientele, the Durrat Al Bahrain includes 21 sq km (8 sq mi) of new land for more than 1,000 residences that has been designed as The Islands (six crescent-shaped "atolls" leading off five fish-shaped "petals"). The Crescent at the bottom of the ring is the heart of the complex and features shops, restaurants, hotels, apartments, offices, and schools. The Central Island is dedicated to one, ultra-luxurious hotel. The three, thick, crescent-shaped islands at the lower left make up the Durrat Marina; the area between the Marina and the Crescent is a golf course. Image courtesy of NASA. • CIA World Factbook • 2020
Area comparison map
Area comparison map • CIA World Factbook • 2020
A mosque near the corner of Al Adliya Avenue and Osama bin Ziad Road in Manama.
A mosque near the corner of Al Adliya Avenue and Osama bin Ziad Road in Manama. • CIA World Factbook • 2020
Entrance to the National Museum in Manama. The museum displays the history and traditions of Bahrain.
Entrance to the National Museum in Manama. The museum displays the history and traditions of Bahrain. • CIA World Factbook • 2020
A mosque near the entrance to the "Souk" market area in Manama.
A mosque near the entrance to the "Souk" market area in Manama. • CIA World Factbook • 2020
13 photos available
View All Photos→Data sources: World Bank, UN Data • Updated daily •Learn about our data