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Burundi
Burundi
Population
14.0M
Rank #77Source: World Bank
Capital
Bujumbura
Source: REST Countries
Region
Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa
Source: REST Countries
GDP (Nominal)
$3.08B
Rank #168Source: World Bank
Land Area
27.8K km²
Rank #143Source: REST Countries
Life Expectancy
63.651 yrs
Source: World Bank
Historical Trends
Population Trend (5-Year)
Source: World Bank
GDP Trend (5-Year, Nominal USD)
Source: World Bank
Geography
Area: 27,834 km²
Landlocked: Yes
Independent: Yes
Climate: equatorial; high plateau with considerable altitude variation (772 m to 2,670 m above sea level); average annual temperature varies with altitude from 23 to 17 degrees Celsius but is generally...
Terrain: hilly and mountainous, dropping to a plateau in east, some plains
Elevation: mean elevation: 1,504 m lowest point: Lake Tanganyika 772 m highest point: Heha 2,670 m
Natural Hazards: flooding; landslides; drought
Environmental Issues: soil erosion as a result of overgrazing and the expansion of agriculture into marginal lands; deforestation (little forested land remains because of uncontrolled cutting of trees for fuel); habitat...
Land Use: agricultural land: 73.3% (2011 est.) forest: 6.6% (2011 est.) other: 20.1% (2011 est.)
Geography Note: landlocked; straddles crest of the Nile-Congo watershed; the Kagera, which drains into Lake Victoria, is the most remote headstream of the White Nile
Natural Resources
nickeluraniumrare earth oxidespeatcobaltcopperplatinumvanadiumarable landhydropower
People & Society
Fertility Rate
4.88
Population
14.0M
Religions
Roman Catholic (62.1%)Protestant 23.9% (includes Adventist (2.3%)and other Protestant (21.6%)Muslim (2.5%)other (3.6%)unspecified (7.9%)
Economy
GDP per Capita
$219.425
GDP per Capita PPP
1,194.947
(2024)
(2024)
GNI per Capita
260
(2024)
(2024)
Gini Index
37.5
(2020)
(2020)
Unemployment
0.915%
(2024)
(2024)
Inflation
20.212%
(2024)
(2024)
Public Debt
Not Available
Energy
Electricity Access
11.6%
(2023)
(2023)
Renewable Energy
83%
(2022)
(2022)
CO₂ Emissions
0.969 Mt
(2024)
(2024)
Energy Intensity
7.4 MJ/$
(2022)
(2022)
Renewable Electricity
61.304%
(2021)
(2021)
Environment
Forest Coverage
10.889% of land
(2023)
(2023)
Protected Areas
3.65% of land
(2007)
(2007)
Communications
Internet Users
11.078%
(2023)
(2023)
Mobile Penetration
63.163%
(2023)
(2023)
Broadband Subscribers
0.02%
(2023)
(2023)
Transportation
Air Transport Freight
Not Available
Container Port Traffic
Not Available
Airports
N/A
Rail Lines
N/A
Roads Total
11,513.24 km(©IRF)
Military
Military Forces
National Defense Forces (Forces de Defense Nationale, FDN): Army (includes maritime wing, air wing), National Police (Police Nationale du Burundi)
Personnel Strength
the National Defense Forces (FDN) have approximately 25,000 active duty Army troops (includes small air and maritime wings)
Military Expenditure (USD)
$0.17B
Military Expenditure (% of GDP)
3.80%
Military Expenditure History
1.8% of GDP (2019) 1.9% of GDP (2018) 1.8% of GDP (2017) 2.2% of GDP (2016) 2.1% of GDP (2015)
Deployments
750 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 5,400 Somalia (AMISOM) (2020)
Equipment & Inventories
the FDN is armed mostly with weapons from Russia and the former Soviet Union, with some Western equipment, largely from France; since 2010, the FDN has received small amounts of mostly second-hand...
Service Age & Obligation
18 years of age for voluntary military service; the armed forces law of 31 December 2004 did not specify a minimum age for enlistment, but the government claimed that no one younger than 18 was being...
Education
Pre-Primary Enrollment
16.492%
(2021)
(2021)
Primary Enrollment
101.661%
(2020)
(2020)
Secondary Enrollment
44.915%
(2020)
(2020)
Tertiary Enrollment
6.025%
(2023)
(2023)
Education Spending
4.871% of GDP
(2021)
(2021)
Adult Literacy Rate
71.408%
(2020)
(2020)
Pupil-Teacher Ratio
42.524:1
(2018)
(2018)
Health
Physicians per 1,000
0.078
(2022)
(2022)
Safe Water Access
65.919%
(2024)
(2024)
Safe Drinking Water
Not Available
Under-5 Mortality
49.2 per 1,000
(2023)
(2023)
Maternal Mortality (World Bank)
16.943 per 100,000
(2021)
(2021)
Hospital Beds per 1,000
65.95
(2021)
(2021)
UHC Coverage Index
48
(2023)
(2023)
Measles Immunization
89%
(2024)
(2024)
Social Indicators
Extreme Poverty Rate
74.2%
(2020)
(2020)
Food Insecurity
Not Available
Youth NEET Rate
1.7%
(2020)
(2020)
Governance
Women in Government
38.211%
(2024)
(2024)
Voice & Accountability
-1.37
(Weak)
(2023)
(Weak)
(2023)
Political Stability
-1.17
(Weak)
(2023)
(Weak)
(2023)
Government Effectiveness
-1.20
(Weak)
(2023)
(Weak)
(2023)
Regulatory Quality
-0.99
(Below Average)
(2023)
(Below Average)
(2023)
Rule of Law
-1.25
(Weak)
(2023)
(Weak)
(2023)
Control of Corruption
-1.56
(Weak)
(2023)
(Weak)
(2023)
Government
Government Type
presidential republic
Legal System
mixed legal system of Belgian civil law and customary law
Executive Branch
chief of state: President Evariste NDAYISHIMIYE (since 18 June 2020); Vice President Prosper BAZOMBANZA (since 24 June 2020); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government head...
Legislative Branch
description: bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of:Senate or Inama Nkenguzamateka (39 seats in the July 2020 election); 36 members indirectly elected by an electoral college of provincial...
Judicial Branch
highest courts: Supreme Court (consists of 9 judges and organized into judicial, administrative, and cassation chambers); Constitutional Court (consists of 7 members) judge selection and term of...
National Symbols
Flag Description
divided by a white diagonal cross into red panels (top and bottom) and green panels (hoist side and fly side) with a white disk superimposed at the center bearing three red six-pointed stars outlined...
National Symbols
lion; national colors: red, white, green
National Anthem
name: "Burundi Bwacu" (Our Beloved Burundi) lyrics/music: Jean-Baptiste NTAHOKAJA/Marc BARENGAYABO note: adopted 1962
Safety
Homicide Rate
5.65 per 100,000
(2016)
(2016)
Travel Information
Language(s): French, Kirundi
Currency: BIF (Fr)
Timezone(s): UTC+02:00
Landlocked: Yes
Independent: Yes
Driving Side: Right
Calling Code: +257
Car Sign: RU
Week Starts: Monday
Photos
This vegetation anomaly satellite image distinguishes healthy and drought-withered vegetation ringing Lake Victoria. Regions that are drier than normal are brown, while areas with thicker, healthier vegetation are green. In large swaths of Tanzania, Rwanda, Uganda, and Kenya dark brown stressed areas prevail. In Burundi, the situation appears less dire. Photo courtesy of NASA.
This vegetation anomaly satellite image distinguishes healthy and drought-withered vegetation ringing Lake Victoria. Regions that are drier than normal are brown, while areas with thicker, healthier vegetation are green. In large swaths of Tanzania, Rwanda, Uganda, and Kenya dark brown stressed areas prevail. In Burundi, the situation appears less dire. Photo courtesy of NASA. • CIA World Factbook • 2020
Area comparison map
Area comparison map • CIA World Factbook • 2020
2 photos available
Data sources: World Bank, UN Data • Updated daily •Learn about our data