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Cuba
Cuba
Population
11.0M
Rank #86Source: World Bank
Capital
Havana
Source: REST Countries
Region
Americas
Latin America & Caribbean
Source: REST Countries
GDP (Nominal)
$107.35B
Source: World Bank
Land Area
109.9K km²
Rank #105Source: REST Countries
Life Expectancy
78.085 yrs
Source: World Bank
Historical Trends
Population Trend (5-Year)
Source: World Bank
GDP Trend (5-Year, Nominal USD)
Source: World Bank
Geography
Area: 109,884 km²
Landlocked: No
Independent: Yes
Climate: tropical; moderated by trade winds; dry season (November to April); rainy season (May to October)
Terrain: mostly flat to rolling plains, with rugged hills and mountains in the southeast
Elevation: mean elevation: 108 m lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Pico Turquino 1,974 m
Natural Hazards: the east coast is subject to hurricanes from August to November (in general, the country averages about one hurricane every other year); droughts are common
Environmental Issues: soil degradation and desertification (brought on by poor farming techniques and natural disasters) are the main environmental problems; biodiversity loss; deforestation; air and water pollution
Land Use: agricultural land: 60.3% (2011 est.) forest: 27.3% (2011 est.) other: 12.4% (2011 est.)
Geography Note: largest country in Caribbean and westernmost island of the Greater Antilles
Natural Resources
cobaltnickeliron orechromiumcoppersalttimbersilicapetroleumarable land
People & Society
Fertility Rate
1.44
Population
11.0M
Ethnic Groups
White (64.1%)Mulatto or mixed (26.6%)Black (9.3%)
Religions
Christian (59.2%)folk (17.4%)other (0.4%)none (23%)
Economy
GDP per Capita
$9,605.279
GDP per Capita PPP
Not Available
GNI per Capita
9,010
(2019)
(2019)
Gini Index
Not Available
Unemployment
1.755%
(2024)
(2024)
Inflation
Not Available
Public Debt
Not Available
Energy
Electricity Access
100%
(2023)
(2023)
Renewable Energy
20.9%
(2021)
(2021)
CO₂ Emissions
21.004 Mt
(2024)
(2024)
Energy Intensity
1.35 MJ/$
(2021)
(2021)
Renewable Electricity
5.188%
(2021)
(2021)
Environment
Forest Coverage
31.233% of land
(2023)
(2023)
Protected Areas
13.7% of land
(2010)
(2010)
Communications
Internet Users
71.275%
(2023)
(2023)
Mobile Penetration
69.577%
(2023)
(2023)
Broadband Subscribers
2.971%
(2023)
(2023)
Transportation
Air Transport Freight
5.161 M ton-km
(2023)
(2023)
Container Port Traffic
261,080 TEU
(2022)
(2022)
Airports
1,694
Rail Lines
N/A
Roads Total
71,138 km(©IRF)
Military
Military Forces
Revolutionary Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias, FAR): Revolutionary Army (Ejercito Revolucionario, ER), Revolutionary Navy (Marina de Guerra Revolucionaria, MGR, includes Marine Corps),...
Personnel Strength
the Revolutionary Armed Forces (FAR) of Cuba have approximately 50,000 active personnel (39,000 Army; 3,000 Navy; 8,000 Air Force)
Military Expenditure (USD)
$0.13B
Military Expenditure (% of GDP)
2.88%
Military Expenditure History
2.9% of GDP (2018) 2.9% of GDP (2017) 3.1% of GDP (2016) 3.1% of GDP (2015) 3.5% of GDP (2014)
Equipment & Inventories
the Cuban military inventory is comprised of Russian and Soviet-era equipment; the last recorded arms delivery to Cuba was by Russia in 2004 (2019 est.)
Service Age & Obligation
17-28 years of age for compulsory military service; 2-year service obligation for males, optional for females
Education
Pre-Primary Enrollment
99.621%
(2021)
(2021)
Primary Enrollment
98.109%
(2024)
(2024)
Secondary Enrollment
91.746%
(2024)
(2024)
Tertiary Enrollment
43.104%
(2024)
(2024)
Education Spending
8.441% of GDP
(2022)
(2022)
Adult Literacy Rate
97.65%
(2019)
(2019)
Pupil-Teacher Ratio
9.16:1
(2018)
(2018)
Health
Physicians per 1,000
9.542
(2021)
(2021)
Safe Water Access
95.146%
(2024)
(2024)
Safe Drinking Water
Not Available
Under-5 Mortality
8.3 per 1,000
(2023)
(2023)
Maternal Mortality (World Bank)
16.225 per 100,000
(2021)
(2021)
Hospital Beds per 1,000
73.673
(2021)
(2021)
UHC Coverage Index
86
(2023)
(2023)
Measles Immunization
99%
(2024)
(2024)
Social Indicators
Extreme Poverty Rate
Not Available
Food Insecurity
Not Available
Youth NEET Rate
7.019%
(2012)
(2012)
Governance
Women in Government
55.745%
(2024)
(2024)
Voice & Accountability
-1.25
(Weak)
(2023)
(Weak)
(2023)
Political Stability
0.38
(Above Average)
(2023)
(Above Average)
(2023)
Government Effectiveness
-0.48
(Below Average)
(2023)
(Below Average)
(2023)
Regulatory Quality
-1.50
(Weak)
(2023)
(Weak)
(2023)
Rule of Law
-0.45
(Below Average)
(2023)
(Below Average)
(2023)
Control of Corruption
-0.06
(Below Average)
(2023)
(Below Average)
(2023)
Government
Government Type
communist state
Legal System
civil law system based on Spanish civil code
Executive Branch
chief of state: President Miguel DIAZ-CANEL Bermudez (since 10 October 2019); Vice President Salvador Antonio VALDES Mesa (since 10 October 2019); note - the president is both chief of state and head...
Legislative Branch
description: unicameral National Assembly of People's Power or Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular (605 seats; members directly elected by absolute majority vote; members serve 5-year terms); note 1...
Judicial Branch
highest courts: People's Supreme Court (consists of court president, vice president, 41 professional justices, and NA lay judges); organization includes the State Council, criminal, civil,...
National Symbols
Flag Description
five equal horizontal bands of blue (top, center, and bottom) alternating with white; a red equilateral triangle based on the hoist side bears a white, five-pointed star in the center; the blue bands...
National Symbols
royal palm; national colors: red, white, blue
National Anthem
name: "La Bayamesa" (The Bayamo Song) lyrics/music: Pedro FIGUEREDO note: adopted 1940; Pedro FIGUEREDO first performed "La Bayamesa" in 1868 during the Ten Years War against the Spanish; a leading...
Safety
Homicide Rate
4.463 per 100,000
(2019)
(2019)
Travel Information
Language(s): Spanish
Currency: CUC ($), CUP ($)
Timezone(s): UTC-05:00
Landlocked: No
Independent: Yes
Driving Side: Right
Calling Code: +53
Car Sign: C
Week Starts: Monday
Photos
1 photo available
Data sources: World Bank, UN Data • Updated daily •Learn about our data