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Ghana
Ghana
Population
34.4M
Rank #47Source: World Bank
Capital
Accra
Source: REST Countries
Region
Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa
Source: REST Countries
GDP (Nominal)
$82.31B
Rank #80Source: World Bank
Land Area
238.5K km²
Rank #81Source: REST Countries
Life Expectancy
65.498 yrs
Source: World Bank
Historical Trends
Population Trend (5-Year)
Source: World Bank
GDP Trend (5-Year, Nominal USD)
Source: World Bank
Geography
Area: 238,533 km²
Landlocked: No
Independent: Yes
Climate: tropical; warm and comparatively dry along southeast coast; hot and humid in southwest; hot and dry in north
Terrain: mostly low plains with dissected plateau in south-central area
Elevation: mean elevation: 190 m lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Afadjato 885 m
Natural Hazards: dry, dusty, northeastern harmattan winds from January to March; droughts
Environmental Issues: recurrent drought in north severely affects agricultural activities; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; poaching and habitat destruction threaten wildlife populations; water pollution;...
Land Use: agricultural land: 69.1% (2011 est.) forest: 21.2% (2011 est.) other: 9.7% (2011 est.)
Geography Note: Lake Volta is the world's largest artificial lake (manmade reservoir) by surface area (8,482 sq km; 3,275 sq mi); the lake was created following the completion of the Akosombo Dam in 1965, which...
Natural Resources
goldtimberindustrial diamondsbauxitemanganesefishrubberhydropowerpetroleumsilver
People & Society
Fertility Rate
3.40
Population
34.4M
Ethnic Groups
Akan (47.5%)Mole-Dagbon (16.6%)Ewe (13.9%)Ga-Dangme (7.4%)Gurma (5.7%)Guan (3.7%)Grusi (2.5%)Mande (1.1%)other (1.4%)
Religions
Christian 71.2% (Pentecostal/Charismatic (28.3%)Protestant (18.4%)Catholic (13.1%)other (11.4%)Muslim (17.6%)traditional (5.2%)other (0.8%)none (5.2%)
Economy
GDP per Capita
$2,390.772
GDP per Capita PPP
8,019.997
(2024)
(2024)
GNI per Capita
2,310
(2024)
(2024)
Gini Index
43.5
(2016)
(2016)
Unemployment
2.82%
(2024)
(2024)
Inflation
22.848%
(2024)
(2024)
Public Debt
Not Available
Energy
Electricity Access
89.5%
(2023)
(2023)
Renewable Energy
39%
(2021)
(2021)
CO₂ Emissions
24.171 Mt
(2024)
(2024)
Energy Intensity
2.88 MJ/$
(2021)
(2021)
Renewable Electricity
34.867%
(2021)
(2021)
Environment
Forest Coverage
35.192% of land
(2023)
(2023)
Communications
Internet Users
69.945%
(2023)
(2023)
Mobile Penetration
98.806%
(2023)
(2023)
Broadband Subscribers
0.555%
(2023)
(2023)
Transportation
Air Transport Freight
Not Available
Container Port Traffic
1,244,245 TEU
(2022)
(2022)
Airports
11,490
Rail Lines
N/A
Roads Total
N/A
Military
Military Forces
Ghana Armed Forces: Army, Navy, Air Force
Personnel Strength
the Ghana Armed Forces consists of approximately 14,000 active personnel (10,000 Army; 2,000 Navy; 2,000 Air Force)
Military Expenditure (USD)
$0.27B
Military Expenditure (% of GDP)
0.38%
Military Expenditure History
0.4% of GDP (2019) 0.41% of GDP (2018) 0.4% of GDP (2017) 0.38% of GDP (2016) 0.52% of GDP (2015)
Deployments
140 Mali (MINUSMA); 180 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO); 875 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 850 South Sudan (UNMISS) (2020) note: Ghana has pledged to maintain about 1,000 military personnel in...
Equipment & Inventories
the inventory of the Ghana Armed Forces is a mix of Russian, Chinese, and Western equipment; the top suppliers of armaments since 2010 are China, Germany, Spain, and Russia (2019 est.)
Service Age & Obligation
18-26 years of age for voluntary military service, with basic education certificate; no conscription
Education
Pre-Primary Enrollment
116.137%
(2020)
(2020)
Primary Enrollment
98.232%
(2022)
(2022)
Secondary Enrollment
77.817%
(2022)
(2022)
Tertiary Enrollment
22.096%
(2023)
(2023)
Education Spending
2.91% of GDP
(2022)
(2022)
Adult Literacy Rate
76.49%
(2021)
(2021)
Pupil-Teacher Ratio
26.995:1
(2019)
(2019)
Health
Physicians per 1,000
0.266
(2023)
(2023)
Safe Water Access
89.922%
(2024)
(2024)
Safe Drinking Water
42.941%
(2024)
(2024)
Under-5 Mortality
37.1 per 1,000
(2023)
(2023)
Maternal Mortality (World Bank)
16.749 per 100,000
(2021)
(2021)
Hospital Beds per 1,000
66.102
(2021)
(2021)
UHC Coverage Index
56
(2023)
(2023)
Measles Immunization
95%
(2024)
(2024)
Social Indicators
Extreme Poverty Rate
39%
(2016)
(2016)
Food Insecurity
6.3%
(2023)
(2023)
Youth NEET Rate
5.191%
(2022)
(2022)
Governance
Women in Government
14.545%
(2024)
(2024)
Voice & Accountability
0.41
(Above Average)
(2023)
(Above Average)
(2023)
Political Stability
-0.02
(Below Average)
(2023)
(Below Average)
(2023)
Government Effectiveness
-0.09
(Below Average)
(2023)
(Below Average)
(2023)
Regulatory Quality
-0.18
(Below Average)
(2023)
(Below Average)
(2023)
Rule of Law
-0.10
(Below Average)
(2023)
(Below Average)
(2023)
Control of Corruption
-0.10
(Below Average)
(2023)
(Below Average)
(2023)
Government
Government Type
presidential republic
Legal System
mixed system of English common law and customary law
Executive Branch
chief of state: President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 7 January 2017); Vice President Mahamudu BAWUMIA (since 7 January 2017); the president is both chief of state and head of government head...
Legislative Branch
description: unicameral Parliament (275 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms) elections: last held on 7 December 2020 (next to...
Judicial Branch
highest courts: Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and 13 justices) judge selection and term of office: chief justice appointed by the president in consultation with the Council of State (a...
National Symbols
Flag Description
three equal horizontal bands of red (top), yellow, and green, with a large black five-pointed star centered in the yellow band; red symbolizes the blood shed for independence, yellow represents the...
National Symbols
black star, golden eagle; national colors: red, yellow, green, black
National Anthem
name: God Bless Our Homeland Ghana lyrics/music: unknown/Philip GBEHO note: music adopted 1957, lyrics adopted 1966; the lyrics were changed twice, in 1960 when a republic was declared and after a...
Safety
Homicide Rate
1.831 per 100,000
(2022)
(2022)
Travel Information
Language(s): English
Currency: GHS (₵)
Timezone(s): UTC
Landlocked: No
Independent: Yes
Driving Side: Right
Calling Code: +233
Car Sign: GH
Week Starts: Monday
Data sources: World Bank, UN Data • Updated daily •Learn about our data