Luxembourg

Population

677.0K

Rank #167

Source: World Bank

Capital

Luxembourg

Source: REST Countries

Region

Europe

Europe & Central Asia

Source: REST Countries

GDP (Nominal)

$93.28B

Rank #74

Source: World Bank

Land Area

2.6K km²

Rank #173

Source: REST Countries

Life Expectancy

83.359 yrs

Source: World Bank

Historical Trends

Population Trend (5-Year)

Source: World Bank

GDP Trend (5-Year, Nominal USD)

Source: World Bank

Geography

Area: 2,586 km²

Landlocked: Yes

Independent: Yes

Climate: modified continental with mild winters, cool summers

Terrain: mostly gently rolling uplands with broad, shallow valleys; uplands to slightly mountainous in the north; steep slope down to Moselle flood plain in the southeast

Elevation: mean elevation: 325 m lowest point: Moselle River 133 m highest point: Buurgplaatz 559 m

Natural Hazards: occasional flooding

Environmental Issues: air and water pollution in urban areas, soil pollution of farmland; unsustainable patterns of consumption (transport, energy, recreation, space) threaten biodiversity and landscapes

Land Use: agricultural land: 50.7% (2011 est.) forest: 33.5% (2011 est.) other: 15.8% (2011 est.)

Geography Note: landlocked; the only grand duchy in the world

Natural Resources

iron ore (no longer exploited)arable land

People & Society

Fertility Rate

1.25

Population

677.0K

Ethnic Groups

Luxembourger (51.1%)Portuguese (15.7%)French (7.5%)Italian (3.6%)Belgian (3.3%)German (2.1%)Spanish (1.1%)British (1%)other (14.6%)

Religions

Christian (predominantly Roman Catholic) (70.4%)Muslim (2.3%)other (includes Buddhist, folk religions, Hindu, Jewish) (0.5%)none (26.8%)

Economy

GDP per Capita

$137,781.682

GDP per Capita PPP

155,941.288
(2024)

GNI per Capita

84,650
(2024)

Gini Index

33.6
(2023)

Unemployment

6.4%
(2024)

Inflation

2.051%
(2024)

Public Debt

Not Available

Energy

Electricity Access

100%
(2023)

Renewable Energy

20.5%
(2021)

CO₂ Emissions

7.147 Mt
(2024)

Energy Intensity

1.71 MJ/$
(2022)

Renewable Electricity

89.045%
(2021)

Environment

Forest Coverage

34.454% of land
(2023)

Communications

Internet Users

98.761%
(2024)

Mobile Penetration

144.475%
(2023)

Broadband Subscribers

38.327%
(2022)

Transportation

Air Transport Freight

6,873.238 M ton-km
(2023)

Container Port Traffic

Not Available

Airports

48,486.545

Rail Lines

271 km

Roads Total

2,914 km(©IRF)

Military

Military Forces

Luxembourg Army (l'Armée Luxembourgeoise)

Personnel Strength

the Luxembourg Army has approximately 900 active personnel

Military Expenditure (USD)

$0.87B

Military Expenditure (% of GDP)

0.96%

Military Expenditure History

0.56% of GDP (2019 est.) 0.51% of GDP (2018) 0.52% of GDP (2017) 0.4% of GDP (2016) 0.44% of GDP (2015)

Equipment & Inventories

the inventory of Luxembourg's Army is a small mix of European and US equipment; since 2010, it has received small quantities of equipment from Germany, Norway, and Sweden (2019 est.)

Service Age & Obligation

18-26 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; no conscription; Luxembourg citizen or EU citizen with 3-year residence in Luxembourg

Education

Pre-Primary Enrollment

92.196%
(2020)

Primary Enrollment

99.064%
(2023)

Secondary Enrollment

107.744%
(2023)

Tertiary Enrollment

21.537%
(2023)

Education Spending

3.706% of GDP
(2022)

Pupil-Teacher Ratio

8.303:1
(2016)

Health

Physicians per 1,000

2.984
(2017)

Safe Water Access

100%
(2024)

Safe Drinking Water

99.653%
(2024)

Under-5 Mortality

2.3 per 1,000
(2023)

Maternal Mortality (World Bank)

23.092 per 100,000
(2021)

Hospital Beds per 1,000

82.78
(2021)

UHC Coverage Index

83
(2023)

Measles Immunization

99%
(2024)

Social Indicators

Extreme Poverty Rate

0.1%
(2023)

Food Insecurity

2.5%
(2023)

Youth NEET Rate

21.588%
(2024)

Governance

Women in Government

33.333%
(2024)

Voice & Accountability

1.63
(Strong)
(2023)

Political Stability

1.05
(Strong)
(2023)

Government Effectiveness

1.91
(Strong)
(2023)

Regulatory Quality

1.93
(Strong)
(2023)

Rule of Law

1.75
(Strong)
(2023)

Control of Corruption

1.93
(Strong)
(2023)

Government

Government Type

constitutional monarchy

Legal System

civil law system

Executive Branch

chief of state: Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981) head of government: Prime Minister Xavier BETTEL (since 4 December...

Legislative Branch

description: unicameral Chamber of Deputies or Chambre des Deputes (60 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by party-list proportional representation vote; members serve...

Judicial Branch

highest courts: Supreme Court of Justice includes Court of Appeal and Court of Cassation (consists of 27 judges on 9 benches); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 members) judge selection and term of...

International Organizations

ADB (nonregional member)Australia GroupBeneluxBIS CD CEEAPCEBRD

National Symbols

Flag Description

three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and light blue; similar to the flag of the Netherlands, which uses a darker blue and is shorter; the coloring is derived from the Grand Duke's coat...

National Symbols

red, rampant lion; national colors: red, white, light blue

National Anthem

name: "Ons Heemecht" (Our Motherland); "De Wilhelmus" (The William) lyrics/music: Michel LENTZ/Jean-Antoine ZINNEN; Nikolaus WELTER/unknown note: "Ons Heemecht," adopted 1864, is the national anthem,...

Safety

Homicide Rate

1.531 per 100,000
(2022)

Travel Information

Language(s): German, French, Luxembourgish

Currency: EUR (€)

Timezone(s): UTC+01:00

Landlocked: Yes

Independent: Yes

Driving Side: Right

Calling Code: +352

Car Sign: L

Week Starts: Monday

Photos

St. John's Church in the Grund District, Luxembourg City.

17 photos available

View All Photos→

Data sources: World Bank, UN Data • Updated daily •Learn about our data

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Luxembourg