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Sudan
Sudan
Population
50.4M
Rank #30Source: World Bank
Capital
Khartoum
Source: REST Countries
Region
Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa
Source: REST Countries
GDP (Nominal)
$49.67B
Rank #94Source: World Bank
Land Area
1.9M km²
Rank #16Source: REST Countries
Life Expectancy
66.331 yrs
Source: World Bank
Historical Trends
Population Trend (5-Year)
Source: World Bank
GDP Trend (5-Year, Nominal USD)
Source: World Bank
Geography
Area: 1,886,068 km²
Landlocked: No
Independent: Yes
Climate: hot and dry; arid desert; rainy season varies by region (April to November)
Terrain: generally flat, featureless plain; desert dominates the north
Elevation: mean elevation: 568 m lowest point: Red Sea 0 m highest point: Jabal Marrah 3,042 m
Natural Hazards: dust storms and periodic persistent droughts
Environmental Issues: water pollution; inadequate supplies of potable water; water scarcity and periodic drought; wildlife populations threatened by excessive hunting; soil erosion; desertification; deforestation; loss of...
Land Use: agricultural land: 100% (2011 est.) forest: 0% (2011 est.) other: 0% (2011 est.)
Geography Note: the Nile is Sudan's primary water source; its major tributaries, the White Nile and the Blue Nile, meet at Khartoum to form the River Nile which flows northward through Egypt to the Mediterranean Sea
Natural Resources
petroleumsmall reserves of iron orecopperchromium orezinctungstenmicasilvergoldhydropower
People & Society
Fertility Rate
4.32
Population
50.4M
Ethnic Groups
unspecified Sudanese Arab (approximately (70%)
Economy
GDP per Capita
$984.608
GDP per Capita PPP
2,115.816
(2024)
(2024)
GNI per Capita
710
(2024)
(2024)
Gini Index
34.2
(2014)
(2014)
Unemployment
7.53%
(2022)
(2022)
Inflation
50.994%
(2019)
(2019)
Public Debt
Not Available
Energy
Electricity Access
66%
(2023)
(2023)
Renewable Energy
61%
(2021)
(2021)
CO₂ Emissions
21.868 Mt
(2024)
(2024)
Energy Intensity
4.83 MJ/$
(2021)
(2021)
Renewable Electricity
58.049%
(2021)
(2021)
Environment
Forest Coverage
9.552% of land
(2023)
(2023)
Communications
Internet Users
26.438%
(2020)
(2020)
Mobile Penetration
70.208%
(2022)
(2022)
Broadband Subscribers
0.06%
(2022)
(2022)
Transportation
Air Transport Freight
20.036 M ton-km
(2023)
(2023)
Container Port Traffic
320,274 TEU
(2021)
(2021)
Airports
9,330
Rail Lines
2,747 km
Roads Total
N/A
Military
Military Forces
Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF): Ground Force, Navy, Sudanese Air Force; Rapid Support Forces (RSF, paramilitary); Reserve Department (formerly the paramilitary Popular Defense Forces) the RSF is an...
Personnel Strength
size assessments for the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) vary widely, ranging from about 100,000 to more than 200,000 active personnel, including approximately 1,500 Navy and 3,000 Air Force; est....
Military Expenditure (USD)
$0.38B
Military Expenditure (% of GDP)
0.93%
Military Expenditure History
1.6% of GDP (2019) 2.3% of GDP (2018) 3.9% of GDP (2017) 3% of GDP (2016) 3% of GDP (2015)
Deployments
estimates vary; approximately 1,000-3,000 Libya; approximately 1,000-2,000 Yemen (2020)
Equipment & Inventories
the SAF's inventory includes a mix of Chinese, Russian, Soviet, Ukrainian, and domestically-produced weapons systems; since 2010, the leading arms providers to the SAF are Belarus, China, Russia, and...
Service Age & Obligation
18-33 years of age for male and female compulsory or voluntary military service; 1-2 year service obligation
Education
Pre-Primary Enrollment
47.4%
(2018)
(2018)
Primary Enrollment
72.398%
(2019)
(2019)
Secondary Enrollment
43.538%
(2019)
(2019)
Tertiary Enrollment
15.865%
(2015)
(2015)
Education Spending
Not Available
Pupil-Teacher Ratio
Not Available
Health
Physicians per 1,000
0.25
(2017)
(2017)
Safe Water Access
64.892%
(2024)
(2024)
Safe Drinking Water
Not Available
Under-5 Mortality
50.1 per 1,000
(2023)
(2023)
Maternal Mortality (World Bank)
17.49 per 100,000
(2021)
(2021)
Hospital Beds per 1,000
66.25
(2021)
(2021)
UHC Coverage Index
48
(2023)
(2023)
Measles Immunization
39%
(2024)
(2024)
Social Indicators
Extreme Poverty Rate
10.1%
(2014)
(2014)
Food Insecurity
11%
(2021)
(2021)
Youth NEET Rate
12.414%
(2022)
(2022)
Governance
Women in Government
Not Available
Voice & Accountability
-1.60
(Weak)
(2023)
(Weak)
(2023)
Political Stability
-2.47
(Weak)
(2023)
(Weak)
(2023)
Government Effectiveness
-1.98
(Weak)
(2023)
(Weak)
(2023)
Regulatory Quality
-1.60
(Weak)
(2023)
(Weak)
(2023)
Rule of Law
-1.67
(Weak)
(2023)
(Weak)
(2023)
Control of Corruption
-1.50
(Weak)
(2023)
(Weak)
(2023)
Government
Government Type
presidential republic
Legal System
mixed legal system of Islamic law and English common law; note - in mid-July 2020, Sudan amended 15 provisions of its 1991 penal code
Executive Branch
chief of state: president (vacant); note - in August 2019, the ruling military council and civilian opposition alliance signed a power-sharing deal as the "Sovereignty Council," chaired by General...
Legislative Branch
description: according to the August 2019 Constitutional Decree, which established Sudan's transitional government, the Transitional Legislative Council (TLC) will serve as the national legislature...
Judicial Branch
highest courts: National Supreme Court (consists of 70 judges organized into panels of 3 judges and includes 4 circuits that operate outside the capital); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 justices...
National Symbols
Flag Description
three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black with a green isosceles triangle based on the hoist side; colors and design based on the Arab Revolt flag of World War I, but the meanings...
National Symbols
secretary bird; national colors: red, white, black, green
National Anthem
name: "Nahnu Djundulla Djundulwatan" (We Are the Army of God and of Our Land) lyrics/music: Sayed Ahmad Muhammad SALIH/Ahmad MURJAN note: adopted 1956; originally served as the anthem of the Sudanese...
Travel Information
Language(s): Arabic, English
Currency: SDG (ج.س)
Timezone(s): UTC+03:00
Landlocked: No
Independent: Yes
Driving Side: Right
Calling Code: +249
Car Sign: SUD
Week Starts: Monday
Photos
Data sources: World Bank, UN Data • Updated daily •Learn about our data