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Thailand
Thailand
Population
71.7M
Rank #20Source: World Bank
Capital
Bangkok
Source: REST Countries
Region
Asia
East Asia & Pacific
Source: REST Countries
GDP (Nominal)
$526.52B
Rank #30Source: World Bank
Land Area
513.1K km²
Rank #51Source: REST Countries
Life Expectancy
76.412 yrs
Source: World Bank
Historical Trends
Population Trend (5-Year)
Source: World Bank
GDP Trend (5-Year, Nominal USD)
Source: World Bank
Geography
Area: 513,120 km²
Landlocked: No
Independent: Yes
Climate: tropical; rainy, warm, cloudy southwest monsoon (mid-May to September); dry, cool northeast monsoon (November to mid-March); southern isthmus always hot and humid
Terrain: central plain; Khorat Plateau in the east; mountains elsewhere
Elevation: mean elevation: 287 m lowest point: Gulf of Thailand 0 m highest point: Doi Inthanon 2,565 m
Natural Hazards: land subsidence in Bangkok area resulting from the depletion of the water table; droughts
Environmental Issues: air pollution from vehicle emissions; water pollution from organic and factory wastes; water scarcity; deforestation; soil erosion; wildlife populations threatened by illegal hunting; hazardous waste...
Land Use: agricultural land: 41.2% (2011 est.) forest: 37.2% (2011 est.) other: 21.6% (2011 est.)
Geography Note: controls only land route from Asia to Malaysia and Singapore; ideas for the construction of a canal across the Kra Isthmus that would create a bypass to the Strait of Malacca and shorten shipping...
Natural Resources
tinrubbernatural gastungstentantalumtimberleadfishgypsumlignite
People & Society
Fertility Rate
1.21
Population
71.7M
Ethnic Groups
Thai (97.5%)Burmese (1.3%)other (1.1%)
Religions
Buddhist (94.6%)Muslim (4.3%)Christian (1%)
Economy
GDP per Capita
$7,346.62
GDP per Capita PPP
24,712.066
(2024)
(2024)
GNI per Capita
7,100
(2024)
(2024)
Gini Index
33.5
(2023)
(2023)
Unemployment
0.781%
(2024)
(2024)
Inflation
1.366%
(2024)
(2024)
Public Debt
62.198%
(2024)
(2024)
Energy
Electricity Access
100%
(2023)
(2023)
Renewable Energy
19%
(2021)
(2021)
CO₂ Emissions
283.809 Mt
(2024)
(2024)
Energy Intensity
4.44 MJ/$
(2021)
(2021)
Renewable Electricity
19.931%
(2021)
(2021)
Environment
Forest Coverage
38.687% of land
(2023)
(2023)
Communications
Internet Users
90.867%
(2024)
(2024)
Mobile Penetration
168.643%
(2023)
(2023)
Broadband Subscribers
15.747%
(2023)
(2023)
Transportation
Air Transport Freight
1,649.929 M ton-km
(2023)
(2023)
Container Port Traffic
10,497,112 TEU
(2022)
(2022)
Airports
335,160
Rail Lines
4,092 km
Roads Total
N/A
Military
Military Forces
Royal Thai Armed Forces (Kongthap Thai, RTARF): Royal Thai Army (Kongthap Bok Thai, RTA; includes Thai Rangers (Thahan Phrahan)), Royal Thai Navy (Kongthap Ruea Thai, RTN; includes Royal Thai Marine...
Personnel Strength
estimates for the size of the Royal Thai Armed Forces (RTARF) vary; approximately 360,000 active duty personnel (245,000 Army; 70,000 Navy; 45,000 Air Force); est. 20,000 Thai Rangers
Military Expenditure (USD)
$5.52B
Military Expenditure (% of GDP)
1.08%
Military Expenditure History
1.3% of GDP (2019) 1.4% of GDP (2018) 1.6% of GDP (2017) 1.6% of GDP (2016) 1.4% of GDP (2015)
Deployments
270 South Sudan (UNMISS) (2020)
Equipment & Inventories
the RTARF has a diverse array of foreign-supplied weapons systems, including a large amount of obsolescent or second-hand US equipment; since 2015, the top suppliers are China, South Korea, Ukraine,...
Service Age & Obligation
21 years of age for compulsory military service; 18 years of age for voluntary military service; males register at 18 years of age; 2-year conscript service obligation based on lottery
Education
Pre-Primary Enrollment
74.37%
(2022)
(2022)
Primary Enrollment
101.004%
(2024)
(2024)
Secondary Enrollment
92.507%
(2024)
(2024)
Tertiary Enrollment
44.985%
(2024)
(2024)
Education Spending
2.521% of GDP
(2023)
(2023)
Adult Literacy Rate
91.1%
(2022)
(2022)
Pupil-Teacher Ratio
16.638:1
(2018)
(2018)
Health
Physicians per 1,000
0.541
(2021)
(2021)
Safe Water Access
100%
(2024)
(2024)
Safe Drinking Water
Not Available
Under-5 Mortality
9.2 per 1,000
(2023)
(2023)
Maternal Mortality (World Bank)
21.779 per 100,000
(2021)
(2021)
Hospital Beds per 1,000
78.968
(2021)
(2021)
UHC Coverage Index
82
(2023)
(2023)
Measles Immunization
92%
(2024)
(2024)
Social Indicators
Extreme Poverty Rate
Not Available
Food Insecurity
4.6%
(2023)
(2023)
Youth NEET Rate
4.561%
(2024)
(2024)
Governance
Women in Government
19.4%
(2024)
(2024)
Voice & Accountability
-0.45
(Below Average)
(2023)
(Below Average)
(2023)
Political Stability
-0.28
(Below Average)
(2023)
(Below Average)
(2023)
Government Effectiveness
0.17
(Above Average)
(2023)
(Above Average)
(2023)
Regulatory Quality
0.16
(Above Average)
(2023)
(Above Average)
(2023)
Rule of Law
0.24
(Above Average)
(2023)
(Above Average)
(2023)
Control of Corruption
-0.49
(Below Average)
(2023)
(Below Average)
(2023)
Government
Government Type
constitutional monarchy
Legal System
civil law system with common law influences
Executive Branch
chief of state: King WACHIRALONGKON, also spelled Vajiralongkorn, (since 1 December 2016); note - King PHUMIPHON Adunyadet, also spelled BHUMIBOL Adulyadej (since 9 June 1946) died 13 October...
Legislative Branch
description: bicameral National Assembly or Rathhasapha consists of:Senate or Wuthissapha (250 seats; members appointed by the Royal Thai Army to serve 5-year terms)House of Representatives or...
Judicial Branch
highest courts: Supreme Court of Justice (consists of the court president, 6 vice presidents, 60-70 judges, and organized into 10 divisions); Constitutional Court (consists of the court president and...
National Symbols
Flag Description
five horizontal bands of red (top), white, blue (double width), white, and red; the red color symbolizes the nation and the blood of life, white represents religion and the purity of Buddhism, and...
National Symbols
garuda (mythical half-man, half-bird figure), elephant; national colors: red, white, blue
National Anthem
name: "Phleng Chat Thai" (National Anthem of Thailand) lyrics/music: Luang SARANUPRAPAN/Phra JENDURIYANG note: music adopted 1932, lyrics adopted 1939; by law, people are required to stand for the...
Safety
Homicide Rate
4.792 per 100,000
(2011)
(2011)
Travel Information
Language(s): Thai
Currency: THB (฿)
Timezone(s): UTC+07:00
Landlocked: No
Independent: Yes
Driving Side: Left
Calling Code: +66
Car Sign: T
Week Starts: Monday
Photos
Cemetery at Kanchanaburi of some of the World War II POWs who died constructing the Burma Railway bridge over the Khwae Yai River ("The Bridge Over the River Kwai").
Cemetery at Kanchanaburi of some of the World War II POWs who died constructing the Burma Railway bridge over the Khwae Yai River ("The Bridge Over the River Kwai"). • CIA World Factbook • 2020
Burma Railway bridge over the Khwae Yai River at Kanchanaburi (the original "Bridge Over the River Kwai").
Burma Railway bridge over the Khwae Yai River at Kanchanaburi (the original "Bridge Over the River Kwai"). • CIA World Factbook • 2020
Detail of one of the support arches of the Bhumibol Bridge over the Chao Phraya River in Bangkok.
Detail of one of the support arches of the Bhumibol Bridge over the Chao Phraya River in Bangkok. • CIA World Factbook • 2020
Statues of monks in the Prasart Museum in Bangkok. Monks can be found in many Buddhist temples.
Statues of monks in the Prasart Museum in Bangkok. Monks can be found in many Buddhist temples. • CIA World Factbook • 2020
Monkey retrieving coconuts on Ko Samui, an island in the Gulf of Thailand off the East Coast of the Kra Isthmus. Ko Samui is Thailand's third largest island with a population of 62,000; it attracts 1.5 million visitors annually, who are drawn to its pleasant climate and sandy beaches.
Monkey retrieving coconuts on Ko Samui, an island in the Gulf of Thailand off the East Coast of the Kra Isthmus. Ko Samui is Thailand's third largest island with a population of 62,000; it attracts 1.5 million visitors annually, who are drawn to its pleasant climate and sandy beaches. • CIA World Factbook • 2020
Buddahs saying "sawatdee" or hello in Chiang Mai, which has over 300 Buddhist temples.
Buddahs saying "sawatdee" or hello in Chiang Mai, which has over 300 Buddhist temples. • CIA World Factbook • 2020
97 photos available
View All Photos→Data sources: World Bank, UN Data • Updated daily •Learn about our data