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Shopping along one of Quebec City's narrow streets.

"The Crystal," the new entrance to the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto. The ROM is Canada's largest repository of world culture and natural history.

The mosaic ceiling in the rotunda of the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto. The inscription in the middle of the dome reads: "That all men may know His work."

An "Old World" floor mosaic of Europe in the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto.

The Canadian maritime province of Nova Scotia can be divided into two separate regions - Cape Breton Island (on the right) and much larger, peninsular mainland Nova Scotia (lower left). Cape Breton Island is joined to the mainland by a causeway and a railroad spanning the narrow Strait of Canso. St. George's Bay is the small bay west of the causeway, and the Northumberland Strait separates Cape Breton Island from the eastern end of Prince Edward Island, another maritime province of Canada (visible along the west margin of the photograph). Photo courtesy of NASA.

A night view of the Montreal metropolitan area is featured in this image from the International Space Station. This photo of the Montreal, Quebec metropolitan area (center) illustrates the extent of urbanization made clearly visible by city lights at night. Major roadways and industrial areas are traced by bright white lighting, while the adjacent residential and commercial land uses are characterized by more diffuse yellow-gold lighting. Rivers and other water bodies appear black, while the surrounding rural countryside is faintly illuminated by moonlight. Blurry areas at top and bottom left are caused by cloud cover. Montreal is the largest city in the dominantly French-speaking province of Quebec, and the second-largest in Canada, after Toronto. While the city of Montreal proper is located on - and almost completely covers - the Island of Montreal at the confluence of the St. Lawrence (center) and Ottawa Rivers (not visible), the city takes its name from Mont Royal located at the city's center. Image courtesy of NASA.
Like sweeping brushstrokes of pink and green, the Belcher Islands meander across the deep blue of the James Bay portion of the Hudson Bay. The islands shown in this enhanced satellite image are part of the Belcher archipelago, which is comprised of approximately 1,500 islands and covers an area of 3,000 sq km (1,160 sq mi). The islands' only inhabitants live in the small town of Sanikiluaq, near the upper end of the middle island. Despite the green hues in this image, these rocky islands are too cold - and the soil is too thin - to sustain more than a smattering of low-growing vegetation. Image courtesy of USGS.

Green Gables farmhouse, Cavendish, Prince Edward Island. The farm and its environs served as the setting for the popular Anne of Green Gables novels by Lucy Maud Montgomery.

A view of Georges Bank, a large elevated area of the sea floor that separates the Gulf of Maine from the Atlantic Ocean. The Bank is situated east of Cape Cod, Massachusetts (US; on the left) and southwest of Cape Sable Island, Nova Scotia (Canada; upper right). Photo courtesy of NASA.

The Space Station Remote Manipulator System (SSRMS) or Canadarm2 appears against the Caribbean Sea in this view taken from the International Space Station. Puerto Rico is the large island on the left side of the frame. Image courtesy of NASA.

Waterfall near the a replica Wendat (Huron) village.

A smoke house at the replica Wendat (Huron) village.

A Norse-period interpreter at L’Anse Aux Meadows planing logs.

Rack for drying fish at the replica Wendat (Huron) settlement.

Replica storage building at L’Anse Aux Meadows.

Sign at Wendake, a 300-year-old community established by the Wendat (Huron) people northwest of Quebec City. The reserve includes a replica Wendat village.

Inukshuks or structures of rough stones stacked in the form of human figures traditionally used by Inuit people as a landmark or a commemorative sign - at the replica Wendat (Huron) village outside Quebec City.

Welcoming sign at L’Anse Aux Meadows in Newfoundland. The archeological site dates from about 1000 A.D. It is thought to be the first Norse holding in North America - predating Columbus' arrival by five centuries. The site probably was ship repair station, serving Norse ships from Greenland, rather than a settlement. At the time, it was closer to the water and surrounded by trees. The site may only have been in use for about a century before being abandoned.

Replica Norse sod longhouse, north of the archaeological site at L’Anse Aux Meadows.

Peggys Point Lighthouse in Peggys Cove, Nova Scotia is a very popular tourist site operated by the Canadian Coast Guard. The lighthouse, the second one on this site, was built in 1914 and is 15 m (50 ft) tall.

Sign describing the statue of Anne Stine and Helge Ingstad, the co-discoverers of L’Anse Aux Meadows archeological site.

The image captures an ice covered fjord on Baffin Island with Davis Strait in the background. Image Credit: NASA/Michael Studinger.

Information of the discovery of the Norse camp at L’Anse Aux Meadows by Helge Ingstad in 1960. The site was first studied by his wife, the archaeologist Anne Stine.

Statue of Anne Stine and Helge Ingstad, the co-discoverers of the archeological site, dedicated by the king of Norway at L’Anse Aux Meadows in 2002.

Moraine Lake in Banff National Park, Alberta. The intense blue waters of the lake come from the run-off of nearby glaciers.

Another view of a replica Norse sod longhouse, north of the archaeological site at L’Anse Aux Meadows.

Residential apartment buildings in Quebec City echo the shape of Chateau Frontenac.

Extensive wetlands lie near the town of Yellowknife, just north of Great Slave Lake in the Northwest Territories. The hundreds of shallow lakes, shown as black in this false-color satellite image, have formed in grooves in the landscape that were carved by glaciers during the last Ice Age. The red in this image could represent grass or marshland, while the green is taller vegetation, such as shrubs and trees. Image courtesy of USGS.

The Ontario Legislative Building in Toronto houses the viceregal suite of the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario, the Legislative Assembly of Ontario, and the offices for members of the provincial parliament.


The grand hotel Chateau Frontenac is a popular tourist attraction in Quebec City.

Fossil reptiles on display at the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto.

The historic Church of the Redeemer on the northeast corner of Bloor St. and Avenue Rd. in Toronto was completed in 1879. It is dwarfed by the massive Four Seasons Renaissance Centre.

At 84 m (275 ft) Montmorency Falls in Quebec are 30 m higher than Niagara Falls.

Temple Anshe Sholom in Hamilton, Ontario is the first Reform synagogue in Canada.


Cavendish Beach, Prince Edward Island.

The Bay of Fundy, between the provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, has one of the highest tidal ranges in the world - on average about 17 m (56 ft). At low tide, one can literally walk on the bottom of the ocean.


Inside one of the six conservatories at Allan Gardens, a park and indoor botanical garden in Toronto. Opened in 1860, Allan Gardens is one of the oldest parks in Toronto; it is named after a former mayor and senator who donated the land to the city.

A view of Georges Bank, a large elevated area of the sea floor that separates the Gulf of Maine from the Atlantic Ocean. The Bank is situated east of Cape Cod, Massachusetts (US; on the left) and southwest of Cape Sable Island, Nova Scotia (Canada; upper right). Photo courtesy of NASA.

The snow-covered Coastal Mountains of British Columbia are featured in this image taken from the International Space Station. The long smooth areas are glaciers. Photo courtesy of NASA.

The Montmorency Falls form at the mouth of the Montmorency River as it drops over a cliff shore into the St. Lawrence River. The falls are the highest in the province of Quebec.

Chateau Frontenac towers over the houses of Quebec City.

Akpatok Island, the largest island in Ungava Bay in northern Quebec, dominates this enhanced satellite image. Accessible only by air, Akpatok Island rises out of the water, sheer cliffs soar 150 to 245 m (500 to 800 ft) above the sea surface. The island is uninhabited, except for a Dorset (paleo-Eskimo) settlement that was abandoned by 1900 and a defunct exploratory oil drill, built in 1971. The island is an important sanctuary for cliff-nesting seabirds including its namesake the Akpat or the Thick-billed Murre, which nests in the pock-marked cliffs on the northern and southern ends of the island. Numerous ice floes around the island attract walrus and whales, making Akpatok a traditional hunting ground for native Inuit people. Image courtesy of USGS.
What appears to be a stroke of thick red paint in this false-color satellite image is actually a remarkable interplay of light and cloud in the Canadian Rockies. Angling through the mountains is part of the Rocky Mountain Trench, a valley that extends from Montana in the US, to just south of the Yukon Territory in Canada. Low clouds filled a part of the Trench near the border between the provinces of Alberta and British Columbia. The light-reflecting nature of the clouds coupled with low sun elevation resulted in this startling effect. Image courtesy of USGS.

In the fishing community of Peggys Cove, Nova Scotia.


An Oriental exhibit at the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto.
The white sails of Canada Place in downtown Vancouver. The site serves as a hotel, exhibition, and convention center, as well as a cruise ship terminal.

Area comparison map
Media source: CIA World Factbook (2020) — Public Domain