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Czechia
Czechia
Population
10.9M
Rank #87Source: World Bank
Capital
Prague
Source: REST Countries
Region
Europe
Europe & Central Asia
Source: REST Countries
GDP (Nominal)
$347.03B
Rank #44Source: World Bank
Land Area
78.9K km²
Rank #115Source: REST Countries
Life Expectancy
79.878 yrs
Source: World Bank
Historical Trends
Population Trend (5-Year)
Source: World Bank
GDP Trend (5-Year, Nominal USD)
Source: World Bank
Geography
Area: 78,865 km²
Landlocked: Yes
Independent: Yes
Climate: temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters
Terrain: Bohemia in the west consists of rolling plains, hills, and plateaus surrounded by low mountains; Moravia in the east consists of very hilly country
Elevation: mean elevation: 433 m lowest point: Labe (Elbe) River 115 m highest point: Snezka 1,602 m
Natural Hazards: flooding
Environmental Issues: air and water pollution in areas of northwest Bohemia and in northern Moravia around Ostrava present health risks; acid rain damaging forests; land pollution caused by industry, mining, and...
Land Use: agricultural land: 54.8% (2011 est.) forest: 34.4% (2011 est.) other: 10.8% (2011 est.)
Geography Note: note 1: landlocked; strategically located astride some of oldest and most significant land routes in Europe; Moravian Gate is a traditional military corridor between the North European Plain and the...
Natural Resources
hard coalsoft coalkaolinclaygraphitetimberarable land
People & Society
Fertility Rate
1.45
Population
10.9M
Ethnic Groups
Czech (64.3%)Moravian (5%)Slovak (1.4%)other (1.8%)unspecified (27.5%)
Religions
Roman Catholic (10.4%)Protestant (includes Czech Brethren and Hussite) (1.1%)other and unspecified (54%)none (34.5%)
Economy
GDP per Capita
$31,823.308
GDP per Capita PPP
57,285.424
(2024)
(2024)
GNI per Capita
29,560
(2024)
(2024)
Gini Index
25.7
(2023)
(2023)
Unemployment
2.6%
(2024)
(2024)
Inflation
2.435%
(2024)
(2024)
Public Debt
Not Available
Energy
Electricity Access
100%
(2023)
(2023)
Renewable Energy
17.2%
(2021)
(2021)
CO₂ Emissions
77.749 Mt
(2024)
(2024)
Energy Intensity
3.98 MJ/$
(2022)
(2022)
Renewable Electricity
14.023%
(2021)
(2021)
Environment
Forest Coverage
34.762% of land
(2023)
(2023)
Communications
Internet Users
87.688%
(2024)
(2024)
Mobile Penetration
126.005%
(2023)
(2023)
Broadband Subscribers
37.91%
(2023)
(2023)
Transportation
Air Transport Freight
0.041 M ton-km
(2023)
(2023)
Container Port Traffic
Not Available
Airports
14,544.636
Rail Lines
9,357 km
Roads Total
130,783.52 km(©IRF)
Military
Military Forces
Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces: Land Forces; Air Forces; Cyber Forces; Special Forces Directorate
Personnel Strength
the Czech military has approximately 25,000 active personnel (20,000 Army; 5,000 Air Force)
Military Expenditure (USD)
$6.52B
Military Expenditure (% of GDP)
1.92%
Military Expenditure History
1.19% of GDP (2019 est.) 1.13% of GDP (2018) 1.04% of GDP (2017) 0.96% of GDP (2016) 1.03% of GDP (2015)
Equipment & Inventories
the Czech military has a mix of Soviet-era and more modern equipment, mostly of European origin; since 2010, the leading suppliers of military equipment to Czechia are Austria and Spain (2019 )
Service Age & Obligation
18-28 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; no conscription
Education
Pre-Primary Enrollment
113.53%
(2020)
(2020)
Primary Enrollment
99.699%
(2023)
(2023)
Secondary Enrollment
97.615%
(2023)
(2023)
Tertiary Enrollment
66.728%
(2023)
(2023)
Education Spending
4.303% of GDP
(2022)
(2022)
Pupil-Teacher Ratio
18.932:1
(2013)
(2013)
Health
Physicians per 1,000
4.352
(2022)
(2022)
Safe Water Access
98.734%
(2024)
(2024)
Safe Drinking Water
98.145%
(2024)
(2024)
Under-5 Mortality
2.6 per 1,000
(2023)
(2023)
Maternal Mortality (World Bank)
22.557 per 100,000
(2021)
(2021)
Hospital Beds per 1,000
74.013
(2021)
(2021)
UHC Coverage Index
83
(2023)
(2023)
Measles Immunization
86%
(2024)
(2024)
Social Indicators
Extreme Poverty Rate
Not Available
Food Insecurity
2.5%
(2023)
(2023)
Youth NEET Rate
8.653%
(2024)
(2024)
Governance
Women in Government
26%
(2024)
(2024)
Voice & Accountability
1.08
(Strong)
(2023)
(Strong)
(2023)
Political Stability
0.97
(Above Average)
(2023)
(Above Average)
(2023)
Government Effectiveness
1.11
(Strong)
(2023)
(Strong)
(2023)
Regulatory Quality
1.30
(Strong)
(2023)
(Strong)
(2023)
Rule of Law
1.14
(Strong)
(2023)
(Strong)
(2023)
Control of Corruption
0.77
(Above Average)
(2023)
(Above Average)
(2023)
Government
Government Type
parliamentary republic
Legal System
new civil code enacted in 2014, replacing civil code of 1964 - based on former Austro-Hungarian civil codes and socialist theory - and reintroducing former Czech legal terminology
Executive Branch
chief of state: President Milos ZEMAN (since 8 March 2013) head of government: Prime Minister Andrej BABIS (since 13 December 2017); First Deputy Prime Minister Jan HAMACEK (since 27 June 2018),...
Legislative Branch
description: bicameral Parliament or Parlament consists of:Senate or Senat (81 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; members...
Judicial Branch
highest courts: Supreme Court (organized into Civil Law and Commercial Division, and Criminal Division each with a court chief justice, vice justice, and several judges); Constitutional Court...
National Symbols
Flag Description
two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red with a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist sidenote: combines the white and red colors of Bohemia with blue from the arms of Moravia; is...
National Symbols
silver (or white), double-tailed, rampant lion; national colors: white, red, blue
National Anthem
name: "Kde domov muj?" (Where is My Home?) lyrics/music: Josef Kajetan TYL/Frantisek Jan SKROUP note: adopted 1993; the anthem was originally written as incidental music to the play "Fidlovacka"...
Safety
Homicide Rate
0.768 per 100,000
(2023)
(2023)
Travel Information
Language(s): Czech, Slovak
Currency: CZK (Kč)
Timezone(s): UTC+01:00
Landlocked: Yes
Independent: Yes
Driving Side: Right
Calling Code: +420
Car Sign: CZ
Week Starts: Monday
Photos
The Prague Gate in the town square of Melnik dates from 1500 when the portal was part of an old medieval fortress. Today its lower floor is a café.
The Prague Gate in the town square of Melnik dates from 1500 when the portal was part of an old medieval fortress. Today its lower floor is a café. • CIA World Factbook • 2020
The town of Melnik lies some 35 km (22 mi) north of Prague - at the confluence of the Labe and Vltava rivers - in the agricultural region of the Czech Republic. The town's strategic location allows it to serve as one of the largest river ports in the country.
The town of Melnik lies some 35 km (22 mi) north of Prague - at the confluence of the Labe and Vltava rivers - in the agricultural region of the Czech Republic. The town's strategic location allows it to serve as one of the largest river ports in the country. • CIA World Factbook • 2020
The Gothic Powder Tower in Prague, built in 1475, is at the site of an 11th century gate - one of the city's 13 original gates.
The Gothic Powder Tower in Prague, built in 1475, is at the site of an 11th century gate - one of the city's 13 original gates. • CIA World Factbook • 2020
The town of Stramberk in the eastern Czech region of Moravia, as seen from the town's medieval hilltop tower.
The town of Stramberk in the eastern Czech region of Moravia, as seen from the town's medieval hilltop tower. • CIA World Factbook • 2020
Entrance to Prague Castle on Hradczany.
Entrance to Prague Castle on Hradczany. • CIA World Factbook • 2020
The Gothic Powder Tower in Prague, dating to 1475, is at the site of an 11th century gate - one of the city's 13 medieval gates. Originally connected - via a small bridge - to the royal palace, it eventually lost its importance and by the 17th century was being used to store gunpowder, hence its name.
The Gothic Powder Tower in Prague, dating to 1475, is at the site of an 11th century gate - one of the city's 13 medieval gates. Originally connected - via a small bridge - to the royal palace, it eventually lost its importance and by the 17th century was being used to store gunpowder, hence its name. • CIA World Factbook • 2020
27 photos available
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